Understanding ROE, PER, PBR and other key metrics
A beginner-friendly guide to what consolidated statements are, how they differ from parent-only reports, and why they matter.
A beginner-friendly guide to financial statement notes and how they reveal crucial risks, policies, and hidden details.
Learn what market cap is, how to calculate it, and how size categories help you compare companies and build a portfolio.
A beginner-friendly guide to comparing companies in the same industry using simple valuation multiples.
Learn how to read segment-level revenue and profit to see which parts of a company make money and drive growth.
Learn how to read company earnings guidance, compare it to actual results, and use achievement rates in decisions.
Learn how to read a company's 3-month earnings, compare to annual results, and spot real performance trends.
Learn how to calculate and evaluate year-over-year (YoY) growth rates to compare business performance over time.
A beginner-friendly guide to calculating dividend yield, spotting pitfalls, and finding reliable high-dividend stocks.
A beginner-friendly guide to payout ratio: how to calculate it, read it, and use it for smarter dividend investing.
Learn what the equity ratio is, how to calculate it, why it matters, and how to use industry benchmarks.
Learn what ROA means, how to calculate it step-by-step, and how to interpret it across different industries.
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